spore

noun

1. a small usually single-celled asexual reproductive body produced by many nonflowering plants and fungi and some bacteria and protozoans and that are capable of developing into a new individual without sexual fusion

e.g. a sexual spore is formed after the fusion of gametes

1. 孢子;胚种
Spores are cells produced by bacteria and fungi which can develop into new bacteria or fungi.

1. 芽胞：芽胞 概况 芽胞(spore) 在一定条件下,芽胞杆菌属(如炭疽杆菌)及梭状芽胞杆菌属(如破伤风杆菌、气性坏疽病原菌)能在菌体内形成一个折光性很强的不易着色小体,称为内芽胞(endospore),简称芽胞.

2. 芽孢：绝大多数细菌不含叶绿素,是异养植物. 其繁殖方法为细胞分裂,不进行有性生殖. 某些杆菌在不良的环境下. 每个细胞形成1个内生芽孢,在环境适宜的时候,芽孢(spore)再发育成1个细菌,芽孢是渡过不良环境的适应结构,并不是繁殖的.

3. 孢：细菌细胞的特殊构造有鞭毛(flagellum)、伞毛(pilus)、荚膜(capsule)和芽孢(spore). 到目前为止,已大量投产的微生物多糖主要有黄原胶(xanthan gum),结冷胶(gellan gum),右旋糖酐(dextran),小核菌葡聚糖(scleroglucan),