reparation

noun

1. something done or paid in expiation of a wrong

e.g. how can I make amends

Synonym: amends

2. the act of putting something in working order again

Synonym: repairfixfixingfixturemendmending

3. (usually plural) compensation exacted from a defeated nation by the victors

e.g. Germany was unable to pay the reparations demanded after World War I

4. compensation (given or received) for an insult or injury

e.g. an act for which there is no reparation

1. (战败国支付的)赔款
Reparations are sums of money that are paid after a war by the defeated country for the damage and injuries it caused in other countries.

reparation的意思

e.g. Israel accepted billions of dollars in war reparations.
以色列得到了几十亿美元的战争赔款。

2. 赔偿;弥补
Reparation is help or payment that someone gives you for damage, loss, or suffering that they have caused you.

e.g. There is a clear demand amongst victims for some sort of reparation from offenders.
受害者明确要求责任人给予一定的赔偿。

1. 修复：克莱恩认为要走出哀悼,修复(reparation)扮有重要的角色. 修复是忧郁性焦虑的进展,是一种焦虑的修改而不是去逃避焦虑而产生的防卫机制. 修复的经验包含了忍受失落、对失落的罪恶感与责任感,同时感觉到并非一切都随之失落了,

2. 补偿：标签理论在进行理论研究的同时,也提出了改革控制犯罪的机构与制度的刑事政策建 议,如非犯罪化(decriminalization)、转向(diversion)、非机构化(deinstitualization)、赔偿(restitution)和补偿(reparation)等.

3.

3. 償：因为将战争赔偿(reparation)和民间损害赔偿(compensation)区别对待本来有国际先例. 日本法院对这种区别应该不至于搞不清楚. 日方仍坚持认为中国政府的放弃战争赔偿当然是包括民间的对日赔偿请求权的. 日本法院故意给中国政府出难题.